dc.contributor.author	Kamaru, Auni Afiqah
dc.date.accessioned	2023-08-21T01:03:06Z
dc.date.available	2023-08-21T01:03:06Z
dc.date.issued	2018
dc.description	Thesis (PhD.)
dc.description.abstract	The discharge of effluent containing dye and heavy metal into natural stream is becoming a serious environmental problem. The efficacy of pineapple leaf (PLP) and surfactant modified pineapple leaf (SMPLP) to treat contaminated wastewater is uncertain. Hence, this research investigated the removal of cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), anionic dye, methyl orange (MO) and heavy metal, hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solution using PLP and SMPLP. SMPLP was prepared by reacting PLP with different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5 and 4.0 mM) of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br). PLP and SMPLP were characterized for the lignocellulosic content, structural, morphological, elemental analysis and physicochemical properties. The characterization results confirmed that HDTMA-Br was adsorbed on the surface of PLP without distorting its structure. The study of MB and MO adsorption demonstrated that MB and MO were effectively adsorbed by PLP and PLPH4.0 (PLP modified with 4.0 mM HDTMA-Br solution), respectively. The equilibrium adsorption data of MB and MO onto PLP and SMPLP fitted the Langmuir isotherm model and the process is exothermic in nature. The maximum monolayer adsorption of MB and MO were 52.63 and 47.61 mg/g, respectively. The lowest adsorption of MB by PLPH4.0 indicates that HDTMA-Br blocked the adsorption site of MB while the presence of HDTMA-Br bilayer enhanced the adsorption capacity of PLPH4.0 towards MO. The removal of Cr(VI) by PLP and SMPLP was favored in acidic condition and followed the order of PLPH4.0 > PLPH2.5 > PLPH1.0 > PLPH0.5 > PLP. The Langmuir isotherm model described the equilibrium adsorption of Cr(VI) and the kinetic study revealed the adsorption of Cr(VI) followed pseudo-second order kinetic model. The comparison between Cr(VI) removed and trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) present in the solution described that the removal of Cr(VI) by PLP, PLP modified with HDTMA-Br below critical micelle concentration (CMC) and above CMC were through reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), adsorption coupled reduction and adsorption, respectively. The spent PLP and PLPH4.0 after removal of Cr(VI) under optimum condition were subjected to regeneration study through five successive cycles of adsorptiondesorption process in 0.1 M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as desorbing solution. PLP and PLPH4.0 exhibited 2.67 and 9.23% reduction and adsorption capacity, respectively towards Cr(VI) after five adsorption-desorption cycles. The total HDTMA-Br desorbed from PLPH4.0 after five series of adsorption-desorption cycles was 12.29%. The overall outcome in this study proves that PLP and SMPLP were able to remove MB, MO and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution and HDTMA-Br remains intact on the surface of SMPLP after repetitive removal of Cr(VI)
dc.description.sponsorship	Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering
dc.identifier.uri	http://openscience.utm.my/handle/123456789/597
dc.language.iso	en
dc.publisher	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
dc.subject	Pineapple
dc.subject	Plant biomass
dc.subject	Sewage disposal plants
dc.title	Removal of methylene blue, methyl orange and hexavalent chromium by surfactant modified pineapple leaf
dc.type	Thesis
dc.type	Dataset

Removal of methylene blue, methyl orange and hexavalent chromium by surfactant modified pineapple leaf

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