Language and Education

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    Model pengajaran refleksi berfokuskan pengetahuan pedagogi kandungan sains dalam bidang kimia
    (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2012) Ibrahim, Nor Hasniza
    This qualitative research aimed to investigate the implementation of reflective practice among Chemistry student-teachers of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. This study identified chemistry student-teachers’ reflection through three main aspects, namely issues being reflected, the processes of and collaboration in reflections which were carried out in two cycles during teaching practicum. During Cycle I (week 1 to 5 of teaching practicum) the respondents were asked to do reflections on their teaching and learning processes based on their understanding of their reflective practice. While during Cycle II (week 6 to 12 of teaching practicum), respondents were required to do reflections through the guidance of supervising lecturers and guiding teachers. A total of 15 chemistry student-teachers, seven supervising lecturers and 14 guiding teachers were purposely selected as respondents for this study. Collection of research data was done by using a few instruments namely self-reflection notes in student-teacher record books, reflection journal, interview questions, supervision report of supervising lecturers and guiding teachers, teachers’ record books, discussion transcripts and recordings of the chemistry student teachers’ teaching sessions. The data were triangulated and analyzed using content analysis and narrative techniques in order to increase validity and reliability of the research. The study showed an increase from 21 percent during Cycle I to 58 percent during Cycle II in the number of issues reflected by chemistry student-teachers’ that focusing on Pedagogical Content Knowledge of science. During Cycle II the chemistry student-teachers showed a structured process of reflection practices which consisted components such as identifying problems, construction of knowledge and implementation of continuous action, whereas during Cycle I, the process were not structured and were not continuously monitored by them. The findings also indicated an increase in the percentage of the implementation of collaborative reflective practice of chemistry student teachers with supervising lecturers and guiding teachers in response to the application of pedagogical knowledge of science, that is to 52.3 percent during Cycle II as compared to only 18.2 percent in Cycle I. Overall, it was found that the clinical supervision provided by supervising lecturers and guiding teachers based on pedagogical content knowledge of science was a major contributor to the increase in the effectiveness of the chemistry student teachers’ reflective practice. The findings obtained from studies during Cycle I and Cycle II were used to build a Reflective Teaching Model focusing on Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Science which comprises three main components; 1) identifying problems, 2) construction of knowledge and 3) implementation of continuous action which can assist teachers to improve the effectiveness of implementation of reflective practice in the process of teaching and learning science. The implementation of the Model can contribute towards the development of students scientific thinking.
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    Relationship between big five personality traits academic performance and academic stress among postgraduate students in Pakistan
    (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2019) Bhatti, Mansoor Nazir
    Over the years, increased academic stress has been experienced among postgraduate students of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). It is evident that this academic stress often results in lower academic performance. Despite other factors like academic environment, workload and peer expectations student’s personality traits also play an important role in the level of perceived stress among postgraduate students of HEIs. It has been observed that the level of academic stress among postgraduate students varies according to their personality traits. However, there are limited empirical evidences available to confirm this claim. Therefore, the study aimed to firstly investigate the relationship of personality traits with academic stress of postgraduate students in Pakistan HEIs, and the relationship of personality traits with academic performance among them. The current study also investigated the mediating role of academic stress on this relationship among the postgraduate students of HEIs. Quantitative research design was used in the study with data collected from a proportionate random sampling of 384 postgraduate students enrolled in Pakistan’s HEIs. Furthermore, the data was analyzed descriptively using SPSS before applying Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using SMARTPLS 3.0. The results of the study indicate that the personality trait neuroticism is positively and significantly associated with academic stress while personality trait openness is significant but negatively associated with academic stress. At the same time, personality traits extraversion and openness are positively related with academic performance while personality trait neuroticism is negatively associated with academic performance. Similarly, academic stress mediates the relationship of personality traits conscientiousness, neuroticism, agreeableness and extraversion with academic performance. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that the HEIs focus on postgraduate students personality development along with academic development in order to improve their performance and skills by using students profiling to help them do better in their academics. However, the study was limited to HEIs students. In order to enrich the result, wider and larger population is recommended.
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    A metamodel for academic programme management quality assurance in higher education
    (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2019) Mokhtar, Rashidah
    Academic programme management quality assurance (APMQA) is a management approach to evaluate the quality of performance in the higher education system. Quality assurance documents must be prepared to represent the APMQA system in higher learning institutions (HLIs). There is a gap of understanding document preparation, which later leads to difficulty of sharing best practices and knowledge across borders. Besides, lack of standardised definition describing the details of APMQA model could lead to inconsistency when interpreting the quality assurance guidelines. This study developed a new approach of managing the scattered and complex domain structure by proposing new generic concepts of APMQA system embedded with properties of the current APMQA system. Three research objectives guided this study; (1) to identify the various requirements of academic programme management quality assurance in higher learning institutions, (2) to structurally organise academic programme management quality assurance domain knowledge by using metamodelling technique, and (3) to develop and validate metamodel that encapsulates academic programme management quality assurance domain knowledge in higher learning institutions. A design science research paradigm was used as the lens to solve the problems. The metamodelling approach was employed to produce APMQA metamodel. In this study, 26 models were analysed using 7 steps of the metamodelling approach divided into three phases, namely metamodel development, validation and conformance. Phase 1 was a five-step process to develop the initial metamodel. Next, phase 2 validated the initial metamodel using expert validation technique. Finally, phase 3 demonstrated the metamodel through metamodel conformance using a case study. Then, the validated APMQA metamodel was categorised into five areas that cover the academic programme management comprising curriculum design, curriculum delivery, student assessment, programme improvement and quality improvement. Each of the area consists of concepts, relationships, attributes and operations of the domain and represented by UML class diagram. Findings from the case study showed that the APMQA metamodel organises the concepts, definitions, relationships and attributes of the domain. Besides, it facilitates clearer creation and presentation of the domain properties to hasten system development, and indirectly, reduces the cost of system development time. Another application of the metamodel is that new users would have a better understanding of the domains as the metamodel acts as a domain dictionary, which encapsulates various and evolving processes in the APMQA.
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    Development and validation of triz-based module for enhancing problem solving skills in tvet final year project
    (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2021) Wan Abu Seman, Sh Zainaf
    Problem solving skills are one of the most important aspects of soft skills and they are an indispensable feature of becoming a competent and competitive worker. However, industries response showed that today's graduates are unable to meet the industry's needs because of their lack of this skill. Therefore, to address this issue, an approach known as TRIZ-Module has been introduced. This module was implemented in some final year projects of students studying in tertiary education in Malaysia. In this study, critical aspects of problems are solved based on engineering principles on conflicts handling. The Experience-Based Learning theory was also the basis for the implementation of the module intervention of this study. The development process followed five steps of ADDIE Model for conflicts to be minimized and systematically resolved. The respondents of this study were students majored in Manufacturing Technology and Mechatronics Industrial Technology Engineering from Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA Balik Pulau. The study respondents were divided into two groups which were the control group and the treatment group. To investigate the effectiveness of the intervention, only the treatment group was selected to undergo the intervention. Meanwhile, the control group continued to learn using the existing method. This research instrument used questionnaires that had been tested for validity and reliability. The findings data was analysed by using SPSS software using the T test method before and after the test. The findings revealed that the respondents had a better understanding on problem solving. It was indicated through their grades.
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    Kemahiran generik dan komitmen kerja bagi pekerja di industri kecil sederhana
    (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2017-08) Chua, Siew Lian
    Employability is a topic of discussion for new graduates. Graduates are experiencing difficulties in getting employed due to them being choosy of finding a suitable job, workplace, salary and promotion opportunities. However, the root cause of graduates failing to obtain placements in the industry should be assessed by taking into account the views of the industry itself. The study identified expectations of the industry with regards to generic skills and work commitments of employees in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Quantitative method was used as a method to obtain the data. 124 employers and 179 technicians from 150 small and medium enterprises in the state of Johor participated as the sample respondents. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19, from which data frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations and T-test were computed. Elements of generic skills required by the SMEs in this study were communication skills and professional skills. Besides the criteria of generic skills, work commitment comprising job responsibilities, job satisfaction and workplace environment were three important categories in SMEs. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the expectations of industries for generic skills (p=0.97) and work commitment (p=0.24). Furthermore, it was also reported that there was no significant difference between the expectations of industry for job performance (p=0.93). In conclusion, this study has shown that SMEs have similar expectations of generic skills and work commitments. Based on the findings, a pyramid for generic skills and work commitments was developed and can be used as a guide for new graduates to seek employment